Henderson Laboratory

Protein Pathologies and Genetic Risk in Neurodegeneration

Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are progressive neurodegenerative diseases affecting movement and cognitive function in patients. These two diseases share a common pathology — aggregates bearing misfolded forms of the normally synaptic protein α-synuclein. While these diseases begin gradually, they progress relentlessly, and this progression of symptoms is associated with the accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein in more and more regions of the brain and the misfolding of additional proteins, including tau.

PD and DLB bear an additional commonality — the lack of disease-modifying treatments. Substantial evidence suggests that either disrupting the formation of protein pathologies or the transmission of pathology through the brain will result in stabilization, and perhaps improvement, of symptoms. Susceptibility to these diseases depends on several factors, including genetic background. Mutations in proteins like leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and glucocerebrosidase can predispose individuals to developing PD or DLB and targeting these proteins may provide therapeutic benefit for patients as well.

The Henderson Laboratory takes a two-pronged approach to addressing neurodegenerative disease. One approach is to understand what goes wrong in neurons and the brain to lead to neurodegeneration by probing disrupted cellular pathways, mapping how pathology spreads through the brain and investigating the impact of genetic risk factors on disease progression. The second approach is to use what we learn about these diseases to develop and evaluate potential therapeutic treatments. The laboratory utilizes primary neuron cultures to investigate cellular pathways disrupted in disease and screen therapeutic molecules. We also use animal models of disease to understand how pathological proteins spread through the brain and to evaluate the likely efficacy of top therapeutic candidates. It is the mission of the Henderson Laboratory to use rigorous scientific methods to understand neurodegenerative diseases and to leverage that knowledge to develop and evaluate treatments for these devastating diseases.

Authors marked with an asterisk contributed equally.

Drougard A, Ma EH, Wegert V, Sheldon R, Panzeri I, Vatsa N, Apostle S, Facnocchi L, Schaf J, Gossens K, Völker J, Pang S, Bremser A, Dror E, Giacona F, Sagar, Henderson MX, Prinz M, Jones RG, Pospisilik JA. 2024. An acute microglial metabolic response controls metabolism and improves memory. eLife.

Geertsma HM, Fisk ZA, Sauline L, Prigent A, Kurgat K, Callaghan SM, aSCENT-PD Consortium, Henderson MX#, Rousseaux MWC#.  2024. A topographical atlas of α-synuclein dosage and cell type-specific expression in adult mouse brain and peripheral organs. npj Parkinson’s 10(65).
# Co-corresponding authors

Lubben N, Byrnildsen JK, Webb CM, Li HL, Leyns CEG, Changolkar L, Zhang B, Meymand ES, O’Reilly M, Madaj Z, DeWeerd D, Fell MJ, Lee VYM, Bassett DS, Henderson MX. 2024. LRRK2 kinase inhibition reverses G2019s mutation-dependent effects on tau pathology progression. Transl Neurodegener 13(1):13.

Goralski TM, Meyerdirk L, Breton L, Brasseur L, Kurgat K, DeWeerd D, Turner L, Becker K, Adams M, Newhouse DJ, Henderson MX. 2024. Spatial transcriptomics reveals molecular dysfunction associated with cortical Lewy pathology. Nat Commun 15:2642.

Leyns CG, Prigent A, Beezhold B, Yao L, Hatcher NG, Tao P, Kang J, Suh E, Van Deerlin VM, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Kennedy ME, Fell MJ, Henderson MX. 2023. Glucocerebrosidase activity and lipid levels are related to protein pathologies in Parkinson’s disease. NPJ Parkinson’s Dis 9(1):74.

Peelaerts W, Mercado G, George S, Villumsen M, Kasen A, Aguileta, Linstow C, Sutter AB, Kuhn E, Stetzik L, Sheridan R, Bergkvist L, Meyerdirk L, Lindqvist A, Escobar Galvis ML, Van den Haute C, Hultgren SJ, Baekelandt V, Pospisilik JA, Brudek T, Aznar S, Steiner JA, Henderson MX, Brundin L, Ivanova MI, Hannan TJ, Brundin P. 2023. Urinary tract infections trigger synucleinopathy via the innate immune response. Acta Neuropathol 6.

Chen L, Nagaraja C, Daniels S, Fisk ZA, Dvorak R, Meyerdirk L, Steiner JA, Escobar Galvis ML, Henderson MX, Rousseaux MWC, Brundin P, Chu HY. 2022. Synaptic location is a determinant of the detrimental effects of α-synuclein pathology to glutamatergic transmission in the basolateral amygdala. eLife 11:e78055.

Henderson MX, Henrich MT, Geibl FF, Oertel WH, Brundin P, Surmeier DJ. 2022. The roles of connectivity and neuronal phenotype in determining the pattern of α-synuclein pathology in Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol Dis 168:105687.

Stetzik L, Mercado G, Smith L, George S, Quansah E, Luda K, Schulz E, Meyerdirk L, Lindquist A, Bergsma A, Jones RG, Brundin L, Henderson MX, Pospisilik JA, Brundin P. 2022. A novel automated morphological analysis of IBA1+ microglia using a deep learning assisted model. Front Cell Neurosci 16:944875.

Cornblath EJ, Li HL, Changolkar L, Zhang B, Brown HJ, Gathagan RJ, Olufemi MF, Trojanowski JQ, Bassett DS, Lee VYM, Henderson MX. 2021. Computational modeling of tau pathology spread reveals patterns of regional vulnerability and the impact of a genetic risk factor. Sci Adv 7(24):eabg6677.

Henderson MX, Changolkar L, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY. In press. LRRK2 kinase activity does not alter cell-autonomous tau pathology development in primary neurons. J Parkinson’s Dis.

Henderson MX, Sedor S, McGeary I, Cornblath EJ, Peng C, Riddle DM, Li HL, Zhang B, Brown H, Olufemi MF, Bassett DS, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY. 2020. Glucocerebrosidase activity modulates neuronal vulnerability to α-synuclein pathology. Neuron 105:1–15.

Henderson MX, Covell DJ, Chung CHY, Pitkin RM, Sandler RM, Decker SC, Riddle DM, Zhang B, Gathagan RJ, James MJ, Trojanowski JQ, Brunden K, Lee VMY, Luk K. 2020. Characterization of novel conformation-selective α-synuclein antibodies as potential immunotherapeutic agents for Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol Dis 136:104712.

Henderson MX, Sengupta M, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY. 2019. Alzheimer’s disease tau is a prominent pathology in LRRK2 Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 7(1):183.

Henderson MX, Cornblath EJ, Darwich A, Zhang B, Brown H, Gathagan H, Sandler R, Bassett DS, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY. 2019. Spread of α-synuclein pathology through the brain connectome is modulated by selective vulnerability and predicted by network analysis. Nat Neuro 22:1248–1257.
Reviewed in:
Kuhl, E. 2019. Connectomics of neurodegeneration. Nat Neuro 22:1200–1202.
Lempriere S. 2019. Connectivity and vulnerability determine α-synuclein spread. Nat Rev Neurol.  

Henderson MX, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY. 2019. α-Synuclein pathology in Parkinson’s disease and related α-synucleinopathies. Neurosci Lett 709:134316.

Henderson MX, Sengupta M, McGeary I, Zhang B, Olufemi MF, Brown H, Trojanowski, JQ, Lee VMY. 2019. LRRK2 inhibition does not impart protection from α-synuclein pathology and neuron death in non-transgenic animals. Acta Neuropathol Commun 7:28.

Henderson MX, Peng C, Trojanowski, JQ, Lee VMY. 2018. LRRK2 activity does not dramatically alter α-synuclein pathology in primary neurons. Acta Neuropathol Commun 6:45.

Henderson MX, Chung CH-Y, Riddle DM, Zhang B, Gathagan RJ, Seeholzer SH, Trojanowski, JQ, Lee VMY. 2017. Unbiased proteomics of early Lewy body formation model implicates active microtubule affinity-regulating kinases (MARKs) in synucleinopathies. J Neurosci 37(24):5870–5884.

Henderson MX*, Wirak GS*, Zhang YQ, Dai F, Ginsberg SD, Dolzhanskaya N, Staropoli JF, Nijssen PC, Lam TT, Roth AF, Davis NG, Dawson G, Velinov M, Chandra SS. 2016. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis with DNAJC5/CSPα mutation has PPT1 pathology and exhibit aberrant protein palmitoylation. Acta Neuropathol 131(4):621–637.

Zhang Y*, Henderson MX*, Colangelo CM, Ginsberg S, Bruce C, Wu T, Chandra SC. 2012. Identification of CSPα clients reveals a role in dynamin 1 regulation. Neuron 74:136–150.
Reviewed in: Sheng J, Wu L. 2012. Cysteine string protein α: A new role in vesicle recycling. Neuron 74:6–8.